This bibliography of world maritime history is based on that in The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World (2013), but will be updated from time to time. Recommendations and corrections welcome: Lincoln.Paine@gmail.com
Introduction
Ascherson, Neal. Black Sea. New York: Hill & Wang, 1995.
Ballard, G. A. Rulers of the Indian Ocean. London: Duckworth, 1927.
Braudel, Fernand. The Mediterranean in the Age of Philip II. 1949. Trans. Siân Reynolds. 2 vols. New York: Harper & Row, 1973.
Butel, Paul. The Atlantic. Translated by Iain Hamilton Grant. London: Routledge, 1999.
Calder, Nigel. The English Channel. New York: Viking Press, 1986.
Chaudhuri, K.N. Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
Cotter, Charles H. The Atlantic Ocean. Glasgow: Brown & Ferguson, 1974.
Hadi Hasan, A. A History of Persian Navigation. London: Methuen, 1928.
Hall, Richard. Empires of the Monsoon: A History of the Indian Ocean and Its Invaders. London: HarperCollins, 1996.
Harding, Richard. “Organizational Life Cycles, the SNR and Maritime History.” Mariner’s Mirror 97:2 (2011): 5–20.
Hattendorf, John B. Maritime History, vol. 2, The Eighteenth Century and the Classic Age of Sail.
Horden, Peregrine, and Nicholas Purcell, The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History. London: Blackwell, 2000.
Hourani, Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times. 1951.
Jay, Peter. The Greek Anthology and Other Ancient Epigrams. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981.
Jordan, Paul. North Sea Saga. New York: Pearson-Longman, 2004.
Kearney, Milo. The Indian Ocean in World History. London: Routledge, 2003.
King, Charles. The Black Sea: A History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Kirby, David, and Merja-Liisa Hinkkanen. The Baltic and North Seas. London: Routledge, 2000.
Klinge, Matti. The Baltic World. Trans. Timothy Binham. Helsinki: Otava, 1995.
Koran
Manning, Patrick. Navigating World History (Historians Create a Global Past). New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
Matvejevic, Predrag. Mediterranean: A Cultural Landscape. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
McDougall, Walter A. Let the Sea Make a Noise: A History of the North Pacific from Magellan to MacArthur. New York: Basic Books, 1993.
McPherson, Kenneth. The Indian Ocean: A History of People and the Sea. Delhi: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993.
Mookerji, Radhakumud. Indian Shipping: A History of the Sea-Borne Trade and Maritime Activity of the Indian from the Earliest Times. London: Longmans, Green, 1912.
Needham, Joseph, with Wang Ling and Lu Gwei-djen. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 4, Physics and Physical Technology, Pt. 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1971.
Palmer, Alan. The Baltic: A New History of the Region and Its People. New York: Overlook, 2005.
Panikkar, K. M. India and the Indian Ocean: An Essay on the Influence of Sea Power on Indian History. 1945.
Pearson, Michael N. The Indian Ocean. London: Routledge, 2003.
Pryor, John H. Geography, Technology and War: Studies in the Maritime History of the Mediterranean, 649–1571. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1988.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. Archaeology of Seafaring: The Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period. Delhi: Pragati Publications, 1999.
Roberts, J. M. History of the World. New York: Knopf, 1976.
Rodger, N. A. M. “Considerations on Writing a General Naval History.” In Doing Naval History: Essays Toward Improvement, ed. by John B. Hattendorf, 117–28. Newport: Naval War College Press, 1995.
Toussaint, Auguste. History of the Indian Ocean. London: Routledge, 1966.
Villiers, Alan. The Monsoon Seas: The Story of the Indian Ocean. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1952.
Chapter 1: Taking to the Water—Oceania and Pre-Columbian Americas
Adney, Tappan, and Howard Chapelle. The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1964.
Allaire, Louis. “Archaeology of the Caribbean Region,” in The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of America, vol.3, South America, pt. 1, edited by Frank Salomon and Stuart B. Schwartz, 668–733. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Ames, Kenneth M. “Going by Boat: The Forager-Collector Continuum at Sea.” In Beyond Foraging and Collecting: Evolution and Change in Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems, edited by Ben Fitzhugh and Junko Habu, 19–52. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2002.
Anawalt, Patricia Reiff. “Ancient Cultural Contacts between Ecuador, West Mexico and the American Southwest: Clothing Similarities.” Latin American Antiquity 3:2 (June 1992): 114–29.
Arnold, Jeanne E., and Julienne Bernard. “Negotiating the Coasts: Status and the Evolution of Boat Technology in California.” World Archaeology 37:1 (March 2005): 109–31.
Bougainville, Louis-Antoine de. The Pacific Journal of Louis-Antoine de Bougainville, 1767–1768, edited by John Dunmore. London: Hakluyt Society, 2002.
Buck, Peter (Te Rangi Hiroa). The Coming of the Maori. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1950.
Callaghan, Richard T. “Prehistoric Trade between Ecuador and West Mexico: A Computer Simulation of Coastal Voyages.” Antiquity 77:298 (2003): 796–804.
Carvajal, Gaspar de. The Discovery of the Amazon according to the Account of Friar Gaspar de Carvajal and Other Documents. Introduction by José Toribio Medina; translated by Bertram T. Lee; edited by H. C. Heaton. New York: American Geographical Society, 1934.
Chapelle, Howard, “Arctic Skin Boats.” In The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America, by Tappan Adney and Howard Chapelle, 174–211. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1964.
Chapman, Anne C. “Port of Trade Enclaves in Aztec and Maya Civilization” In Trade and Market in the Early Empires: Economies in History and Theory, ed. by Karl Polanyi et al., 114–53. Glencoe: Free Press, 1957.
Coe, Michael D. “Archaeological Linkages with North and South America at La Victoria, Guatemala.” American Anthropologist n.s. 62 (1960): 363–93.
Colon, Fernando. The Life of the Admiral Christopher Columbus by his Son Ferdinand.Translated by Benjamin Keen. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1959.
Cook, James. The Journals of Captain James Cook on His Voyages of Discovery. Edited by J. C. Beaglehole. 4 vols. Cambridge: Hakluyt Society, 1955–74.
Davenport, Demorest, John R. Johnson, and Jan Timbrook. “The Chumash and the Swordfish.” Antiquity 67 (1993): 257–72.
Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe. 1719.
DeVoto, Bernard, ed. The Journals of Lewis and Clark. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
Edwards, Clinton R. Aboriginal Watercraft on the Pacific Coast of South America. Ibero-Americana: 47. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1965.
Ellmers, Detlev. “The Beginning of Boatbuilding in Central Europe.” In The Earliest Ships: The Evolution of Boats into Ships, ed. by Robert Gardiner, 11–23. London: Conway Maritime, 1996.
Epstein, Jeremiah F. “Sails in Aboriginal Mesoamerica: Reevaluating Thompson’s Argument.” American Anthropologist 92:1 (1990): 187–92.
Ferreiro, Larrie D. Ships and Science: The Birth of Naval Architecture in the Scientific Revolution, 1600–1800. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2007.
Fisher, Robin. “The Northwest from the Beginning of Trade with the Europeans to the 1880s.” In The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas. Vol. 1, North America, ed. by Bruce G. Trigger and Wilcomb E. Washburn, 117–82. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996.
Fladmark, Knut. “Routes: Alternate Migration Corridors for Early Man in North America.”American Antiquity 44:1 (1979): 55–69.
Genz, Joseph H. “Oceania: Polynesian and Micronesian Navigation.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, edited by John Hattendorf, 3:144–54. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Haddon, Alfred C., and James Hornell. Canoes of Oceania. 2 vols. 1936–38. Reprint, Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press, 1975.
Hornell, James. Water Transport Origins and Early Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1946.
Horridge, Adrian. “The Story of Pacific Canoes and Their Rigs.” In From Buckfast to Borneo: Essays Presented to Father Robert Nicholl on the 85th Anniversary of his Birth, 27 March 1995, edited by Victor T. King and A.V.M. Horton, 541–58. Hull: Center for South-East Asian Studies, University of Hull, 1995.
Hudson, Travis, Janice Timbrook, and Melissa Rempe. Tomol: Chumash Watercraft as Described in the Ethnographic Notes of John P. Harrington. Socorro, N.M.: Ballena Press, 1978.
Irwin, Geoffrey. The Prehistoric Exploration and Colonization of the Pacific. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Kirch, Patrick Vinton. On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands before European Contact. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
Lewis, David. We, the Navigators: The Ancient Art of Landfinding in the Pacific. 2nd ed. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994.
Mann, Charles C. 1491: New Revelations of the Americas before Columbus. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005.
McGrail, Sean. Boats of the World from the Stone Age to Medieval Times. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
McPhee, John A. The Survival of the Bark Canoe. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1975.
Moseley, Michael E. “The Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization: An Evolving Hypothesis.” http://www.hallofmaat.com/modules.php?name=Articles&file=article&sid=85
Moseley, Michael Edward. The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru. London: Thames and Hudson, 1992.
Paulsen, Allison C. “The Thorny Oyster and the Voice of God: Spondylus and Strombus in Andean Prehistory.” American Antiquity 39:4 (1974): 597–607.
Quinn, David B., and Alison M. Quinn. The English New England Voyages, 1602–1608. London: Hakluyt Society, 1983.
Shimada, Izumi. “Evolution of Andean Diversity: Regional Formations (500 b.c.e.-c.e. 600). In The Cambridge History of the Native People of the Americas, vol. 3, South America, pt. 1, edited by Frank Salomon and Stuart B. Schwartz, 350–517. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Smith, Anita. “The Need for Lapita: Explaining Change in the Late Holocene Pacific Archaeological Record.” World Archaeology 26:3 (1993): 366–79.
Snow, Dean R. “The First Americans and the Differentiation of Hunter-Gatherer Culture.” InThe Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the New World, edited by B.G. Trigger and W. Washburn, chap. 4. Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Stanish, Charles. “The Origin of State Societies in South America.” Annual Review of Anthropology 30 (2001): 41–64.
Walker, Ranginui. Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou: Struggle Without End. Revised Auckland: Penguin Books, 2004.
Wheeler, Ryan J., et al. “Archaic Period Canoes from Newnans Lake, Florida.” American Antiquity 68:3 (2003): 533–51.
Zeidler, James A. “Maritime Exchange in the Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: Geopolitical Origins, Uneven Development.” Research in Economic Anthropology 13 (1991): 247–68.
Chapter 2: The Rivers and Seas of Ancient Egypt
Breasted, James Henry. Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest. New York, Russell & Russell, 1962.
Carter, Robert. “Boat-Related Finds.” In Maritime Interactions in the Arabian Neolithic: Evidence from H3, As-Sabiyah, an Ubaid-related Site in Kuwait, ed. by Robert Carter and Harriet Crawford, 89–104. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
Casson, Lionel. The Ancient Mariners: Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
Casson, Lionel. Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 2001.
El-Sayed, Sayed Z. “Queen Hatshepsut’s Expedition to the Land of Punt: The First Oceanographic Cruise?” Quarterdeck 3:1 (Spring 1995). Available online.
Habachi, Labib. “Two Graffiti at Sehel from the Reign of Queen Hatshepsut.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 16 (1957): 880–104.
Herodotus. The Histories. Trans. Aubrey de Sélincourt. New York: Penguin, 1996.
Horace. Ode 1.14.
Hornell, James. Water Transport: Origins and Early Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1946.
Hornung, Erik. History of Ancient Egypt: An Introduction. Trans. David Lorton. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press, 1999.
Hydrographer of the Navy. Ocean Passages for the World. 2nd ed. London: Hydrographic Department, Admiralty, 1950.
Ibn Battuta. The Travels of Ibn Battuta, a.d. 1325–1354. 5 vols. Trans. H.A.R. Gibb. London: Hakluyt, 1958–2000.
Jenkins, Nancy. The Boat beneath the Pyramid: King Cheops’ Royal Ship. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1980.
Johnstone, Paul. The Sea-craft of Prehistory. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980.
Kuhrt, Amélie. The Ancient Near East. 2 vols. New York: Routledge, 1997.
Landström, Björn. Ships of the Pharaohs: 4,000 Years of Egyptian Shipbuilding. New York: Doubleday & Co., 1970.
Lipke, Paul. The Royal Ship of Cheops: A Retrospective Account of the Discovery, Restoration and Reconstruction. Based on Interviews with Hag Ahmed Youssef Moustafa. Oxford: B.A.R., 1984.
Meiggs, Russell. Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.
Montet, Pierre. Everyday Life in Egypt in the Days of Ramesses the Great. Trans. A.R. Maxwell-Hyslop and Margaret S. Drower. 1958. Reprint, Westport: Greenwood, 1974.
O’Connor, David. “Boat Graves and Pyramid Origins: New Discoveries at Abydos.”Expedition 33 (1991) 3:5–17.
Pierce, Richard. “After 5,000 year voyage, world’s oldest built boats deliver: Archeologists’ first look confirms existence of earliest royal boats at Abydos.” Available online.
Plato. The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Ed. by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns, 1225–1513. New York: Pantheon, 1961.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Trans. H. Rackham. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–1963.
Pritchard, James B. The Ancient Near East. Vol. I, An Anthology of Text and Pictures.Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958.
Redford, Donald B. Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
Brant, Sebastian. Das Narranschiff (Ship of fools), 1494.
Severin, Timothy. The Sinbad Voyage. London: Hutchinson, 1982.
Simpson, William Kelly, ed. The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions and Poetry. Trans. R.O. Faulkner, E.F. Wente, Jr., and W. K. Simpson. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1972.
Sophocles. Oedipus the King.
Theophrastus. Enquiry into Plants. Trans. Sir Arthur Hort. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961.
Wachsmann, Shelley. Seagoing Ships & Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1998.
Warburton, David. Egypt and the Near East: Politics in the Bronze Age. Neuchatel-Paris: Recherches et Publications, 2001.
Ward, Cheryl A. “World’s Oldest Planked Boats: Abydos Hull Construction.” In Ship Archaeology of the Ancient and Medieval World, edited C. Beltrame, 19–23. Oxford: 2003.
Ward, Cheryl A. Sacred and Secular: Ancient Egyptian Ships and Boats. Boston: Archaeological Institute of America and Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing, 2000.
Wehausen, J.V., A. Mansour, and F. Stross. “The Colossi of Memnon and Egyptian Barges.”International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 17 (1988): 295–310.
Whitman, Walt. Leaves of Grass.
Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. London: Routledge, 1999.
Chapter 3: Bronze Age Seafaring—Persian Gulf and Eastern Mediterranean
Agius, Dionisius A. Classic Ships of Islam: From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean. Leiden: Brill, 2008.
Bass, George F. “Bronze Age Shipwreck at Ulu Burun (Kaş): 1984 Campaign.” American Journal of Archaeology 90 (1986): 269–96.
Bass, George F. Cape Gelidonya: a Bronze Age Shipwreck. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1967.
Bass, George F. “Return to Cape Gelidonya.” INA Newsletter 15 (1988): 2–5.
Breasted, James Henry. Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest. New York: Russell & Russell, 1962.
Carter, Robert. “Boat-Related Finds.” In Maritime Interactions in the Arabian Neolithic: Evidence from H3, As-Sabiyah, an Ubaid-related Site in Kuwait, ed. by Robert Carter and Harriet Crawford, 89–104. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
Casson, Lionel. Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Cleuziou, Serge, and Maurizio Tosi. “Black Boats of Magan: Some Thoughts on Bronze-Age Water Transport in Oman and Beyond from the Impressed Bitumen Slabs of Ra’s al-Junayz.” In South Asian Archaeology 1993 II, edited by A. Parpola and P. Koskikallio. Helsinki: AASF Ser. B 271: 745–61.
Dalley, Stephanie, trans. Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1989.
Deloche, Jean. “Geographical Considerations in the Localization of Ancient Sea-Ports of India” (1983). In Trade in Early India, edited by Ranabir Chakravarti. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Doumas, Christos. Wall-Paintings of Thera. Athens: Thera Foundation, 1992.
Ferry, David, trans. Gilgamesh: A New Rendering in English Verse. New York: Farrar, Strauss & Giroux, 1993.
Gadd, C.J. “The Dynasty of Agade and the Gutian Invasion.” In I.E.S. Edwards, et al., eds.Cambridge Ancient History. 3rd ed. Vol. 1, pt. 2, Early History of the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.
Ghosh, A., ed. An Encyclopedia of Indian Archaeology. Vol. 2, A Gazetteer of Explored and Excavated Sites in India. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1990.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt. 1954. New ed., New York: Penguin, 1996.
Hornell, James. Water Transport Origins and Early Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1946.
Kramer, Samuel Noah, and John R. Maier. Myths of Enki, the Crafty God. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1989.
Kuhrt, Amélie. The Ancient Near East. 2 vols. New ed. New York: Routledge, 1997.
Leshnik, Lawrence S. “The Harappan ‘Port’ at Lothal: Another View.” In Ancient Cities of the Indus, edited by Gregory L. Possehl. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 1979.
Liritzis, Veronica McGeehan. “Seafaring, Craft and Cultural Contact in the Aegean during the 3rd Millennium BC.” IJNA 17:3 ()1988): 237–56.Mott, Development of the Rudder, 6–7.
Oppenheim, A. Leo, trans. Letters from Mesopotamia: Official, Business, and Private Letters on Clay Tablets from Two Millennia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967.
Oppenheim, A. Leo. “The Seafaring Merchants of Ur.” In Ancient Cities of the Indus, edited by Gregory L. Possehl. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 1979.
Paine, Lincoln P. Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Translated by H. Rackham. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–1963.
Potts, D. T. Arabian Gulf in Antiquity. 2 vols. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
Potts, D. T. Mesopotamian Civilization: The Material Foundations. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.
Potts, D. T. “Watercraft of the Lower Sea.” In Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte Vorderasiens: Festschrift für Rainer Michael Boehmer, 559–71. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1995.
Redford, Donald B. Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
Sandars N. K. The Sea Peoples: Warriors of the Ancient Mediterranean, 1250–1150 B.C. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1985.
Sherratt, S., ed. The Wall Paintings of Thera: Proceedings of the First International Symposium. 2 vols. Athens: Thera Foundation, 2000.
Simpson, William Kelly, ed. The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions and Poetry. Translated by R.O. Faulkner et al. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1972.
Throckmorton, Peter, ed. The Sea Remembers: Shipwrecks and Archaeology. New York: Smithmark, 1991.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Rex Warner. New York: Penguin, 1954.
- S. Coast Guard. Navigation Rules International—Inland. Washington: U.S. Coast Guard, 2003.
Van de Mieroop, Marc. The Ancient Mesopotamian City. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999.
Vosmer, Tom. “Building the Reed-boat Prototype: Problems, Solutions, and Implications for the Organization and Structure of Third-Millennium Shipbuilding.” Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 31 (2001): 235–39
Vosmer, Tom. “The Magan Boat Project: A Process of Discovery, A Discovery of Process.”Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 33 (2003): 49–58.
Vosmer, Tom. “Ships in the Ancient Arabian Sea: The Development of a Hypothetical Reed Boat Model.” Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 30 (2000): 235–42.
Wachsmann, Shelley. Seagoing Ships & Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1998.
West, M. L. The East Face of Helicon: West Asiatic Elements in Greek Poetry and Myth. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.
Wiener, M.H. “Isles of Crete? The Minoan Thalassocracy Revisited.” In Thera and the Aegean World. Vol. 1, Archaeology, ed. by D. A. Hardy, 128–61. London: Thera Foundation, 1990.
Chapter 4: Phoenicians, Greeks, and the Mediterranean
Aeschylus. The Suppliant Maidens, The Persians, Seven Against Thebes, Prometheus Bound. Translated by Seth G. Bernadete and David Grene. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Apollonios Rhodios. The Argonautika: The Story of Jason and the Quest for the Golden Fleece. Translated by Peter Green. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Aristophanes. Lysistrata & Other Plays: The Acharnians, The Clouds, Lysistrata. Translated by Alan H. Sommerstein. Revd. ed. New York: Penguin, 2003.
Aristotle. Politics. In The Complete Works of Aristotle, edited by Jonathan Barnes. 2 vols. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.
Arrian. Anabasis of Alexander; Indica. Trans. E. Iliff Robson. 2 vols. New York: Putnam’s, 1929–33.
Aubet, Maria Eugenia. The Phoenicians and the West: Politics, Colonies and Trade. Translated by Mary Turton. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Aulus Gellius. Attic Nights. Translated by John C. Rolfe. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1927.
Austin, M.M., and P. Vidal-Naquet. Economic and Social History of Ancient Greece: An Introduction. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.
Avienus, Rufus Festus. Ora Maritima (Description of the Seacoast from Brittany to Marseilles). J.P. Murphy. Chicago: Ares Publishers, 1977.
Bittlestone, Robert, with James Diggle and John Underhill. Odysseus Unbound: The Search for Homer’s Ithaca. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.
Casson, Lionel. The Ancient Mariners: Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1991.
Casson, Lionel. Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Cunliffe, Barry W. Facing the Ocean: The Atlantic and its People 8000 BC-AD 1500. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Demosthenes. Against Meidias…. Translated by J.H. Vince. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1935.
Evelyn-White, H.G., trans. Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns and Homerica. London: Heinemann, 1914.
Green, Peter. The Greco-Persian Wars. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt. 1954. New ed., New York: Penguin, 1996.
Holy Bible (especially Ezekiel, Isaiah)
Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Robert Fagles. New York: Penguin, 1990.
Homer. The Odyssey. Translated by Robert Fagles. New York: Penguin, 1996.
Isserlin, B. S. J., et al. “The Canal of Xerxes: Investigations in 1993–94.” Annual of the British School at Athens 91 (Dec. 1996): 329–40. The Canal of Xerxes in Northern Greece: Explorations 1991–2001. Available online.
King, Charles. The Black Sea: A History. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.
Lazenby, J.F. “Diekplous.” Greece and Rome 2nd ser., 34:2 (1987): 169–77.
Lloyd, Alan B. “Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations.” Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 63 (1977): 142–55.
McGrail, Sean. Boats of the World from the Stone Age to Medieval Times. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.
McGregor, Malcolm F. The Athenians and Their Empire. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1987.
Millett, Paul. “Maritime Loans and the Structure of Credit in Fourth-Century Athens.” InTrade in the Ancient Economy, edited by Peter Garnsey, Keith Hopkins, and C.R. Whittaker. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Morrison, J.S., and J.F. Coates. The Athenian Trireme: The History and Reconstruction of an Ancient Greek Warship. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Murray, Oswyn. Early Greece. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993.
Patai, Raphael. The Children of Noah: Jewish Seafaring in Ancient Times. Princeton: Princteon University Press, 1998.
Pausanias. Description of Greece. Translated by W.H.S. Jones. 5 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1918–1971.
Plato. The Laws. Translated by A.E. Taylor. In The Collected Dialogues of Plato, edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. New York: Pantheon, 1961.
Plato. The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Ed. by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns, 1225–1513. New York: Pantheon, 1961.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Translated by H. Rackham. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–1963.
Plutarch. Plutarch’s Lives, Trans. P. Bernadotte. 11 vols. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1967.
Polanyi, Karl. “Ports of Trade in Early Societies.” Journal of Economic History 23:1 (1963): 30–45.
Powell, Barry B. Homer. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2004.
Redmount, Carol. “The Wadi Tumilat and the Canal of the Pharaohs.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 54 (1994): 127–35.
Reed, C. M. Maritime Traders in the Ancient Greek World. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.
Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Trans. Horace Leonard Jones and J.R. Sitlington Sterrett. London: Heinemann, 1917–32.
Strauss, Barry. Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter That Saved Greece—and Western Civilization. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004.
Tandy, David W. Warriors into Traders: The Power of the Market in Early Greece. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. Trans. Rex Warner. New York: Penguin, 1954.
Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. “Did the Greeks go to Cholcis for Metals?” Oxford Journal of Archaeology 14 (1995): 307–31.
Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. “Greek Penetration of the Black Sea.” In The Archaeology of Greek Colonisation: Essays Dedicated to John Boardman, edited by Gocha R. Tsteskhladze and F. de Angelis, 111–35. Oxford: Oxford University Community for Archaeology, 1994.
Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. “Trade on the Black Sea in the Archaic and Classical Periods.” InTrade, Traders and the Ancient City, edited by H. Parkins & C. Smith, 52–74. New York: Routledge, 1998.
Wachsmann, Shelley. Seagoing Ships & Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant. College Station: Texas A&M Univ. Press, 1998.
Wallinga, H.T. “The Trireme and History.” Mnemosyne 43 (1990): 132–49.
Werner, Walter. “The Largest Ship Trackway in Ancient Times: The Diolkos of the Isthmus of Corinth, Greece, and Early Attempts to build a Canal.” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology26:2 (1997): 98–119.
Whitehead, Ian. “The Periplous.” Greece and Rome 34:2 (1987): 78–85.
Xenophon. A History of My Times. Translated by Rex Warner. New York: Penguin, 1979.
Chapter 5: Carthage, Rome, and the Mediterranean
Appian. Roman History. Translated by Horace White. 4 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962.
Aristotle. On the Art of Poetry. In Classical Literary Criticism, translated by T.S. Dorsch and Penelope Murray. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972.
Arrian. The Anabasis of Alexander and Indica. Translated by P.A. Brunt. 2 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1976–83.
Ashburner, Walter. The Rhodian Sea-Law. 1909. Reprint Aalen, Germany: Scientia Verlag, 1976.
Athenaeus. The Deipnosophists. Translated by C.B. Gulick. 7 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1927–41.
Aulus Gellius. The Attic Nights of Aulus Gellius. Translated by John C. Rolfe. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1927.
Brendel, Otto J. Etruscan Art. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978.
Briscoe, John. “The Second Punic War.” In The Cambridge Ancient History. 2nd ed. Vol. 8,Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 B.C., A.E. Astin, et al., eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Caesar, Julius, ed. S.A. Handford. The Conquest of Gaul. Trans. J.M. Cohen. New York: Penguin Books, 1981.
Casson, Lionel. The Ancient Mariners: Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
Casson, Lionel. “The Grain Trade of the Hellenistic World.” In Lionel Casson, Ancient Trade and Society. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1984.
Casson, Lionel. “The Isis and her Voyage.” Transactions of the American Philological Association 81 (1950): 43–56.
Casson, Lionel. “The Role of the State in Rome’s Grain Trade.” In Lionel Casson, Ancient Trade and Society. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1984.
Casson, Lionel. Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Cicero. Pro Lege Manilia, etc. Trans. H. Grose Hodge (vol. 9). Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1929.
Coke, Edward, Sir. The Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England: Concerning High Treason, and Other Pleas of the Crown. London: by the author, 1797. Eighteenth Century Collections Online. Gale Group.
D’Arms, John H. Romans on the Bay of Naples: A Social and Cultural Study of the Villas and Their Owners from 150 B.C. to A.D. 400. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970.
De Souza, Philip. Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Diodorus Siculus. Library of History. Translated by C.H. Oldfather. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1933–1967.
Errington, R.M. “Rome against Philip and Antiochus.” ICn A.E. Astin, et al., eds. The Cambridge Ancient History. 2nd ed. Vol. 8, Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 B.C.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Florus, Lucius Annaeus. Epitome of Roman History. 1929. Reprint Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1960.
Franke, P.R. “Pyrrhus” In F.W. Walbank, et al., eds. The Cambridge Ancient History. 2nd ed. Vol. 7, pt. 2, The Rise of Rome to 220 B.C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Fraser, P.M. Ptolemaic Alexandria. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972.
Frost, Honor, et al. Lilybaeum (Marsala): The Punic Ship, Final Excavation Report. Rome: Notizie deglie scavi di antichità, 1976.
Frost, Honor, et al. “The Marsala Punic Ship: An Obituary.” Mariner’s Mirror 83:2 (1997): 207–11.
Gabrielsen, Vincent. The Naval Aristocracy of Hellenistic Rhodes. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1997.
Garnsey, Peter. “Grain for Rome.” Peter Garnsey, Keith Hopkins, and C.R. Whittaker, eds.Trade in the Ancient Economy, 118–30. London: Chatto and Windus, 1983.
Gellius, Aulus. Attic Nights. Trans. John C. Rolfe. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1927.
Goldsworthy, Adrian. The Punic Wars. London: Cassell, 2000.
Green, Peter. The Greco-Persian Wars. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
Habicht, C. “The Seleucids and their Rivals.” In The Cambridge Ancient History. 2nd ed. Vol. 8, Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 B.C., A.E. Astin, et al., eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Hagy, James W. “800 Years of Etruscan Ships.” IJNA 15:3 (1986): 221–50.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt. 1954. New ed., New York: Penguin, 1996.
Hocker, F. “Lead Hull Sheathing in Antiquity.” Tropis 3 (1995): 197–206.
Holy Bible.
Horace. Odes.
Juvenal. The Sixteen Satires. Trans. Peter Green. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1967.
Livy. From the Founding of the City. Translated by B.O. Foster. 14 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1926.
Livy. Rome and the Mediterranean: Books XXXI-XLV of the History of Rome from its Foundation. Translated by Henry Bettenson. New York: Penguin Books, 1976.
Livy. Rome and Italy: Books 6 to 10. Trans. Betty Radice. New York: Penguin, 1982.
Longnaker, J. L. “History of Insurance Law.” Insurance Law Journal 477 (1962): 644–46.
Lucian. “The Ship or the Wishes.” In Lucian, translated by K. Kilburn. Loeb Classical Library, vol. 6. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1968.
McCormick, Michael. Origins of the European Economy: Communications and Commerce, AD 300–900. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001.
Meiggs, Russell. Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
Oleson, John Peter. “The Technology of Roman Harbors.” International Journal of Nautical History 17:2 (1988): 147–157.*
Paine, Lincoln P. Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
Pennell, C. R., ed. Bandits at Sea: A Pirates Reader. New York: New York Univ. Press, 2001.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Translated by H. Rackham. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–1963.
Plutarch. Plutarch’s Lives. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. 11 vols. Loeb Classical Library. New York: Macmillan, 1914–26.
Polybius. The Histories. Translated by W.R. Paton. 8 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1927.
Polybius. The Rise of the Roman Empire. Translated by Ian Scott-Kilvert. New York: Penguin, 1980.
Salmon, E.T. “The Coloniae Maritimae.” Athenaeum 41 (1963): 3–38.
Scrinari, V. Santa Maria, and Giuseppina Lauro. Ancient Ostia: Past and Present. Rome: Vision, 1981.
Seneca. Natural Questions. 2 vols. Translated by Thomas H. Corcoran. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972.
Souza, Philip de. Piracy in the Graeco-Roman world. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999.
Strabo. The Geography of Strabo. Translated by H.L. Jones. 8 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1917–32.
Suetonius. The Twelve Caesars. Translated by Robert Graves. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1957.
Tchernia, André. “Italian Wine in Gaul at the End of the Republic.” In Trade in the Ancient Economy, ed. by Peter Garnsey, Keith Hopkins and C.R. Whittaker. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Temin, Peter. “The Economy of the Early Roman Empire.” Journal of Economic Perspectives20:1 (2006): 133–51.
Thiel, Johannes Hendrik. A History of Roman Sea-power before the Second Punic War. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing, 1954.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Rex Warner. New York: Penguin, 1954.
Toynbee, Arnold J. Constantine Porphyrogenitus and His World. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1973.
Virgil. Aeneid. Translated by L.R. Lind. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962.
Vitruvius. De Architectura. Trans. Frank Granger. 2 vols. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1962.
Wallinga, H. T. The Boarding-Bridge of the Romans: Its Construction and its Function in the Naval Tactics of the First Punic War. Groningen: Wolters, 1956.
Welch, Kathryn. “Sextus Pomeius and the Res Publica.” In Sextus Pompeius, ed. by Anton Powell and Kathryn Welch, 31–64. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2002.
Chapter 6: The Indian Ocean to the Seventh Century
Agatharchides of Cnidus. On the Erythraean Sea. Translated by Stanley M. Burstein. London: Hakluyt Society, 1989.
Ali, Abdul. “The Arabs as Seafarers.” Islamic Culture 54:4 (1980): 211–20.
Arrian. The Anabasis of Alexander and Indica. Translated by P.A. Brunt. 2 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1976–83.
Aryasura, and Peter Khoroche. Once the Buddha Was a Monkey: Arya Sura’s Jatakamala. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1989.
Blench, Roger. “The Ethnographic Evidence for Long-Distance Contacts between Oceania and East Africa.” In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 417–38. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Casson, Lionel. “Cinnamon and Cassia in the Ancient World.” In Lionel Casson, Ancient Trade and Society, 225–46. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1984.
Casson, Lionel. “New Light on Maritime Loans: PVindob.G 40882.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 84 (1990): 195–206.
Casson, Lionel, trans. The Periplus Maris Erythraei. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.
Chakravarti, Ranabir. “Early Medieval Bengal and the Trade in Horses: A Note.” JESHO 42:2 (1999): 194–211.
Christides, Vassilios. “Two Parallel Naval Guides of the Tenth Century: Qudama’s document and Leo VI’s Naumachia: A Study on Byzantine and Moslem Naval Preparedness.” Graeco-Arabica 1 (1982): 51–103.
Cosmas Indicopleustes. The Christian Topography of Cosmas, An Egyptian Monk. Trans. J.W. McCrindle. London: Hakluyt, 1897.
Cowell, Edward B., trans. The Jataka; Or, Stories of the Buddha’s Former Births. 1895–1907. Reprint, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973.
Crone, Patricia. Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1987.
Deloche, Jean. “Iconographic Evidence on the Development of Boat and Ship Structures in India (2nd C. B.C.-15TH C. A.D.” In Tradition and Archaeology: Early Maritime Contacts in the Indian Ocean, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray and Jean-François Salles, 199–224. New Delhi: Manohar, 1999.
Dio Chrysostom. Discourses. 5 vols. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1932–51.
Duncan-Jones, Richard. Economy of the Roman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.
Faxian. The Travels of Fa-hian. In Xuanzang, Si-yu-ki: Buddhist Records of the Western World.Trans. Samuel Beal. 1884. Reprint, New Delhi: Oriental Books, 1969.”
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt. 1954. New ed., New York: Penguin, 1996.
Hornell, James. “Boat Oculi Survivals: Additional Records.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland 68 (1938): 339–48.
———. “Indonesian Influence on East African Culture.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland 64 (1934): 305–32.
———. “The Role of Birds in Early Navigation.” Antiquity 20 (1946): 142–49.
Ilanko Atikal. The Tale of an Anklet: An Epic of South India. The Cilappatikaram of Ilanko Atikal. Translated by R. Parthasarathy. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
Islam, Sirajul, and Sajahan Miah, eds. “Trade and Commerce.” Available online.
The Jātaka: or, Stories of the Buddha’s Former Births. Translated by E. B. Cowell, et al. 1895–1907. Reprint London and Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973.
Johnstone, Paul. The Sea-craft of Prehistory. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980.
The Kautilya “Arthasastra,” Part II. Edited by R.P. Kangle. 2nd ed. Bombay: University of Bombay, 1972.
Laws of Manu. Translated by Wendy Doniger with Brian K. Smith. New York: Penguin, 1991.
Levi, Sylvain. “Manimekhala, a Divinity of the Sea.” Indian Historical Quarterly 6:4 (1930): 597–614.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “Southeast Asian Shipping in the Indian Ocean during the First Millennium A.D.” In Tradition and Archaeology: Early Maritime Contacts in the Indian Ocean, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray and Jean-François Salles, 181–97. New Delhi: Manohar, 1999.
Mariners’ Museum. Aak to Zumbra: A Dictionary of the World’s Watercraft. Edited by Beverly McMillan, Susannah Livingston and Susan Beaven Rutter. Newport News, Va.: Mariners’ Museum, 2000.
McGrail, Sean. Boats of the World from the Stone Age to Medieval Times. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.
Mukund, Kanakalatha. The Trading World of the Tamil Merchant: Evolution of Merchant Capitalism in the Coromandel. Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 1999.
Müller, F. Max, ed. Sacred Books of the East. 50 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879–1910.
Peacock, David, and Lucy Blue, eds. Myos Hormos-Quseir al-Qadim: Roman and Islamic Ports on the Red Sea. Vol. 1, Survey and Excavations, 1999–2003. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2006
Pearson, M.N. “Introduction.” In India and the Indian Ocean 1500–1800, edited by Ashin Das Gupta and M.N. Pearson, 1–24. Calcutta: Oxford Univ. Press, 1987.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Translated by H. Rackham. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–1963.
Plutarch. Plutarch’s Lives, Trans. P. Bernadotte. 11 vols. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1967.
Procopius. History of the Wars; The Secret History; Buildings. Trans. H.B. Dewing. 7 vols. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1924–40.
Polybius. The Histories. Translated by W.R. Paton. 8 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1927.
Potts, D. T. “The Parthian Presence in the Arabian Gulf.” In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 269–85. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Pritchard, James B. The Ancient Near East. Vol. 1, An Anthology of Text and Pictures. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958.
Procopius. [History of the Wars; The Secret History; Buildings.] Translated by H.B. Dewing. 7 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1924–40.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. “Early Coastal Trade in the Bay of Bengal.” In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 351–64. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. Monastery and Guild: Commerce under the Satavahanas. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. “A Resurvey of Roman Contacts with the East.” In Marie-Françoise Boussac and Jean-François Salles, eds. Athens, Aden, Arikamedu: Essays on the Interrelations between India, Arabia, and the Eastern Mediterranean, 97–114. New Delhi: Manohar, 1995.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. “The Yavana Presence in Ancient India.” In Marie-Françoise Boussac and Jean-François Salles, eds. Athens, Aden, Arikamedu: Essays on the Interrelations between India, Arabia, and the Eastern Mediterranean, 76–82. New Delhi: Manohar, 1995.
Redmount, Carol. “The Wadi Tumilat and the Canal of the Pharaohs.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 54 (1994): 127–35.
Rgveda Samhita: Vol. I. Translated by H.H. Wilson and Bhasya of Sayanacarya; edited by Ravi Prakash Arya and K.L. Joshi. Delhi: Parimal Publications, 1997.
Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Inventing the Flat Earth: Columbus and Modern Historians. New York: Praeger, 1991.
Salles, Jean-François. “Achaemenid and Hellenistic Trade in the Indian Ocean.” In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 251–67. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Salomon, Richard. “On the Origin of the Early Indian Scripts: A Review Article.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 115:2 (1995): 271–79.
Sedov, A. V. “Qana’ (Yemen) and the Indian Ocean: The Archaeological Evidence.” InTradition and Archaeology: Early Maritime Contacts in the Indian Ocean: Proceedings of the International Seminar “Techno-Archaeological Perspectives of Seafaring in the Indian Ocean, 4th cent. B.C.-15th cent. A.D.”, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray and Jean-Francois Salles, 11–35. New Delhi, February 28–March 4, 1994. 1996.
Sharma, R.S. “Usury in Early Medieval Times.” In Trade in Early India, edited by Ranabir Chakravarti, 370–95. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Shattan, Merchant-Prince. Manimekhalaï (The Dancer with the Magic Bowl). Translated by Alain Danielou. New York: New Directions, 1989.
Sidebotham, Steven E. “Ports of the Red Sea and the Arabia-India Trade.” In Vimala Begley and Richard Daniel De Puma, eds. Rome and India: The Ancient Sea Trade, 12–38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991.
Somerville, Boyle G., and A.F.B. Woodhouse. Ocean Passages for the World. Winds and Currents. London: The Admiralty, 1950.
Strabo. The Geography of Strabo. Translated by H.L. Jones. 8 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1917–32.
Tacitus. Annals of Imperial Rome. Translated by Michael Grant. Revd. ed. New York: Penguin, 1956.
Thapar, Romila. Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002.
Tripati, Sila. Maritime Archaeology: Historical Descriptions of the Seafarings of the Kalingas. New Delhi: Kaveri Books, 2000.
Uruthirankannanar. “Pattinapalai.” In J.V. Chelliah, trans., Pattupattu: Ten Tamil Idylls. Thanjavur: Tamil University Press, 1985.
Villiers, Alan. The Monsoon Seas: The Story of the Indian Ocean. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1952.
Wachsmann, Shelley. Seagoing Ships & Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant. College Station: Texas A&M Univ. Press, 1998.
Weerakkody, D.P.M. “Sri Lanka through Greek and Roman Eyes.” In Sri Lanka and the Silk Road of the Sea, edited by Senake Bandaranayake et al., 163–72. Colombo: Sri Lanka National Commission for UNESCO/Central Cultural Fund, 1990.
Weerakkody, D.P.M. Taprobanê: Ancient Sri Lanka as known to Greeks and Romans. Turnhout: Brepols, 1997.
Wendrich, W. Z., R. S. Tomber, S. E. Sidebotham, et al. “Berenike Crossroads: The Integration of Information.” Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient 46:1 (2003): 46–88.
Wheeler, Mortimer. Rome Beyond the Imperial Frontiers. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1954.
Whitehouse, David. “Sasanian Maritime Activity.” In In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 339–49. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Wilkinson, J. C. “A Sketch of the Historical Geography of Trucial Oman Down to the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century.” Geographical Journal 130 (1964): 337–49.
Winius, George D. “Shadow Empire in the Bay of Bengal.” In Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval Towards the Modern World 1300–ca. 1600, edited by George D. Winius, 247–68. Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.
Wink, André. Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. 3 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1996–2002.
Wolters, O.W. Early Indonesian Commerce: A Study of the Origins of Srivijaya. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1967.
Young, Gary K. Rome’s Eastern Trade: International Commerce and Imperial Policy, 31 BC-AD 305. New York: Routledge, 2001.
Chapter 7: China and Southeast Asia to the Seventh Century
Ban, Gu. Food and Money in Ancient China: The Earliest Economic History of China to A.D. 25: Han Shu 24, with related texts, Han Shu 91 and Shih-chi 129. Translated by Nancy Lee Swann. 1950. Reprint New York: Octagon Books, 1974.
Bandaranayake, Senake, et. al., eds. Sri Lanka and the Silk Road of the Sea. Colombo: Sri Lanka National Commission for UNESCO and the Central Cultural Fund, 1990.
Bellwood, Peter S. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago. Honolulu: Univ. of Hawai’i Press, 1997.
———. “Southeast Asia before History.” In The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. Vol. 1, pt. 1, From Early Times to c. 1500, edited by Nicholas Tarling, 55–136. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Bellwood, Peter, and Judith Cameron. “Ancient Boats, Boat Timbers, and Locked Mortise-and-Tenon Joints from Bronze/Iron-Age Northern Vietnam.” IJNA 36:1 (2007): 2–20.
Bielenstein, Hans. Diplomacy and Trade in the Chinese World 589–1276. Leiden: Brill, 2005.
Brown, Delmer M. “The Yamato Kingdom.” In The Cambridge History of Japan. Vol. 1,Ancient Japan, edited by Delmer M. Brown, 108–62. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Casson, Lionel, trans. The Periplus Maris Erythraei. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.
Chang, Chun-shu, and Joan Smythe. South China in the Twelfth Century: A Translation of Lu Yu’s Travel Diaries, July 3–December 6, 1170. Hong Kong: Chinese Univ. Press, 1981.
Chin, James K. “Ports, Merchants, Chieftains and Eunuchs: Reading Maritime Commerce of Early Guangdong.” In Guangdong: Archaeology and Early Texts, ed. by Shing Muller, Thomas O. Höllmann and Putao Gui, 217–39. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2004.
Crespigny, Rafe de. Generals of the South: The Foundation and Early History of the Three Kingdoms State of Wu. Canberra: Australian National University, Faculty of Asian Studies, 1990. Internet edition 2004. Available online.
Confucius. The Analects of Confucius (Lun Yu). Trans. Chichuang Huang. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1999.
Deng, Gang. Chinese Maritime Activities and Socioeconomic Development c. 2100 b.c. 1900 a.d. Westport: Greenwood, 1997.
———. Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China. Westport: Greenwood, 1999.
Elvin, Mark. The Pattern of the Chinese Past. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press, 1973.
Faxian. The Travels of Fa-hian. In Xuanzang, Si-yu-ki.
Graff, David A. Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300–900. London: Routledge, 2002.
Grenet,Frantz. “Les marchands sogdiens dans les mers du Sud à l’époque préislamique.”Cahiers d’Asie centrale 1/2 (1996): 65–84.
Hall, Kenneth R. “Local and International Trade and Traders in the Straits of Melaka Region: 600–1500.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 47:2 (2004): 213–60.
Hall, Kenneth R. Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985.
Hill, John E., trans. The Western Regions According to the Hou Hanshu: The Xiyu juan. FromHou Hanshu 88. 2nd ed. 2003.http://depts.washington.edu/uwch/silkroad/texts/hhshu/hou_han_shu.html
Iryŏn. Samguk Yusa: Legends and History of the Three Kingdoms of Ancient Korea. Translated by Tae-Hung Ha and Grafton K. Mintz. Seoul: Yonsei University Press, 1972.
Jacq-Hergoualc’h, Michel. The Malay Peninsula Crossroads of the Maritime Silk Road (100 bc-1300 ad). Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Lee, Ki-Baik. A New History of Korea. Translated by Edward W. Wagner, with Edward J. Shultz. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984
Kim, Zae-Geun. “An Outline of Korean Shipbuilding History.” Korea Journal (1989 October): 4–17.
Lu, David J. Japan: A Documentary History. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1997.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “The Archaeology of Early Maritime Polities of Southeast Asia.” InSoutheast Asia from Prehistory to History, edited by Ian Glover and Peter Bellwood, 282–313. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “The Southeast Asian Ship, An Historical Approach.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 11:2 (1980): 266–76.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “Southeast Asian Shipping in the Indian Ocean during the First Millennium A.D.” In Tradition and Archaeology: Early Maritime Contacts in the Indian Ocean, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray and Jean-François Salles, 181–97. New Delhi: Manohar, 1999.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “Trading Ships of the South China Sea.” JESHO 36:3 (1993): 253–280.
McGrail, Sean. Boats of the World from the Stone Age to Medieval Times. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.
Needham, Joseph, with Wang Ling and Lu Gwei-djen. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 4, Physics and Physical Technology, Part 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.
Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697. Translated by W.G. Aston. 1924. Reprint Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1972.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. “Early Coastal Trade in the Bay of Bengal.” In The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, edited by Julian Reade, 351–64. London: Kegan Paul, 1996.
Ray, Himanshu Prabha. Monastery and Guild: Commerce under the Satavahanas. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Shiba, Yoshinobu, and Mark Elvin. Commerce and Society in Sung China. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, Univ. of Michigan, 1970.
Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian. Translated by Burton Watson. Rev. ed. 2 vols. New York: Renditions-Columbia University Press, 1993.
Southworth, William A. “The Coastal States of Champa.” In Southeast Asia from Prehistory to History, edited by Ian Glover and Peter Bellwood, 209–233. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
Spennemann, Dirk R. “On the Bronze Age Ship Model from Flores, Indonesia.”International Journal of Nautical Archaeology14.3 (1985): 237–241.
Stuart-Fox, Martin. A Short History of China and Southeast Asia: Tribute, Trade and Influence. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 2003.
Sutherland, Heather. “Southeast Asian History and the Mediterranean Analogy.” JSEAS34:1 (2003): 1–20.
Taylor, Keith W. The Birth of Vietnam. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1983.
Van Slyke, Lyman P. Yangtze: Nature, History and the River. Stanford: Stanford Alumni Assoc., 1988.
Wang Gungwu. The Nanhai Trade: The Early History of Chinese Trade in the South China Sea. 2nd ed. Singapore: Times Academic Press, 1998.
Wheatley, Paul. The Golden Khersonese: Studies in the Historical Geography of the Malay Peninsula before A.D. 1500. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1961.
Wheeler, Mortimer. Rome Beyond the Imperial Frontiers. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1954.
Wolters, O. W. Early Indonesian Commerce: A Study of the Origins of Srivijaya. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press, 1967.
Worcester, G. R. G. The Junks and Sampans of the Yangtze. Annapolis: Naval Institute, 1971.
Wright, Arthur F. The Sui Dynasty. New York: Knopf, 1978.
Yu Huan. The Peoples of the West: From the Weilue, A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 ce. Draft English translation by John E. Hill, September, 2004. http://depts.washington.edu/uwch/silkroad/texts/weilue/weilue.html#section13.
Zheng, Yangwen. China on the Sea: How the Maritime World Shaped Modern China. Leiden: Brill, 2012.
Chapter 8: The Byzantine and Muslim Mediterranean
Agius, Dionisius A. Classic Ships of Islam: From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean. Leiden: Brill, 2008.
Ahrweiler, Helene. Byzance et la mer. Paris: Presses Universitaire de France, 1966.
Anna Comnena. Alexiad. Translated by E. R. A. Sewter. New York: Penguin, 1969.
Ashburner, Walter. The Rhodian Sea-Law. 1909. Reprint Aalen, Germany: Scientia Verlag, 1976.
Aziz Ahmad. A History of Islamic Sicily. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1975.
Baladhuri, Ahmad ibn Yahya. The Origins of the Islamic State. Translated by Philip Khuri Hitti. 1916. Reprint Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2002.
Bass, G. F. “A Byzantine Trading Venture.” Scientific American 225 (Aug. 1971) 22–33.
Bass, George F., et al. Serçe Limanı: An Eleventh-Century Shipwreck. Vol. 1, The Ship and Its Anchorage, Crew, and Passengers. College Station: Texas A&M Univ. Press, 2004.
Bass, G. F., and F. H. van Doorninck, Jr. “An 11th-Century Shipwreck at Serçe Limani, Turkey.” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 7 (1978) 119–32.
Bass, G. F., and F. H. van Doorninck, Jr. “A Fourth-Century Shipwreck at Yassi Ada.”American Journal of Archaeology 75 (1971): 27–37.
Bass, G. F., and F. H. van Doorninck, Jr. Yassi Ada. Vol. 1, A Seventh-Century Byzantine Shipwreck. College Station, Tex.: IJNA, 1982.
Bramoullé, David. “Recruiting Crews in the Fatimid Navy (909–1171).” Medieval Encounters13 (2007): 4–31.
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Chapter 10: The Indian Ocean in the Early Muslim Era
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and
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James, Margery Kirkbride, edited by Elspeth M. Veale. Studies in the Medieval Wine Trade.Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.
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———. Venetian Ships and Shipbuilders of the Renaissance. 1934. ReprintBaltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.
———. Venice: A Maritime Republic. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973.
Lewis, Archibald R. “Northern European Sea Power and the Straits of Gibraltar, 1031–1350 A.D.” In Order and Innovation in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of Joseph R. Strayer, edited by William C. Jordan, Bruce McNab, and Teofilo F. Ruiz, pp. 139–64. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976.
Lopez, Robert S. The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages, 950–1350. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
———. “European Merchants in the Medieval Indies: The Evidence of Commercial Documents.” Journal of Economic History 3:2 (1943): 164–84.
———. “Majorcans and Genoese on the North Sea Route in the 13th Century.” Revue belge de philologie et d’histoire 29 (1951): 1163–79.
Lopez, Robert S., and Irving W. Raymond. Medieval Trade in the Mediterranean World: Illustrative Documents. New York: Columbia University Press, 1955.
Martines, Lauro. Power and Imagination: City-States in Renaissance Italy. New York: Vintage Books, 1980.
Mead, W. R. “Ribe.” Economic Geography 17:2 (Apr., 1941): 195–203.
Miller, William. “The Zaccaria of Phocaea and Chios (1275–1329).” Journal of Hellenic Studies 31 (1911): 42–55.
Mott, Lawrence V. The Development of the Rudder: A Technological Tale. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1997.
———. Sea Power in the Medieval Mediterranean: The Catalan-Aragonese Fleet in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
Oakley, Stewart. A Short History of Denmark. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1972.
Paine, Lincoln P. Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
Pérez-Mallaína, Pablo E. Spain’s Men of the Sea: Daily Life on the Indies Fleets in the Sixteenth Century. Translated by Carla Rahn Phillips. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UniversityPress, 2005.
Pirenne, Henri. Economic and Social History of Medieval Europe. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1937.
Pryor, John H. “From Dromon to Galea: Mediterranean Bireme Galleys, ad 500–1300.” InThe Age of the Galley: Mediterranean Oared Vessels since Pre-Classical Times, edited by Robert Gardiner and John Morrison, 101–16. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1995.
———. “Mediterranean Commerce in the Middle Ages: A Voyage under Contract ofCommenda.” Viator 14 (1983): 133–94.
———. “The Naval Battles of Roger of Lauria.” Journal of Medieval History 9 (1983): 179–216.
Pryor, John H., and Elizabeth M. Jeffreys, with Ahmad Shboul. The Age of the Dromon: The Byzantine Navy ca 500–1204. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
Public Record Office. Calendar of the Patent Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office. Henry IV. A.D. 1399–[1413]. London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1903–09.
Reilly, Bernard F. The Medieval Spains. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Reinert, Stephen W. “The Muslim Presence in Constantinople, 9th-15th Centuries: Some Preliminary Observations.” In Studies on the Internal Diaspora of the Byzantine Empire. Edited by Helene Ahrweiler and Angeliki E. Laiou, 125–150. WashingtonD.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1998.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The Crusades: A History. 2nd edition. New Haven: Yale UniversityPress, 2005.
Robert of Clari. The Conquest of Constantinople. Translated by Edgar Holmes McNeal. 1936. Reprint Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.
Rodger, N. A. M. The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain 660–1649. New York: W. W. Norton, 1998.
Rodgers, W. L. Naval Warfare Under Oars 4th to 16th Centuries: A Study of Strategy, Tactics and Ship Design. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1940.
Roover, Florence Edler de. “Early Examples of Marine Insurance.” Journal of Economic History 5:2 (1945): 172–200.
Schildhauer, Johannes. The Hansa: History and Culture. Leipzig: Edition Leipzig, 1985.
Senior, William. “The Bucentaur.” Mariner’s Mirror 15 (1929): 131–38.
Sherborne, J.W. “The Hundred Years’ War—The English Navy: Shipping and Manpower 1369–1389.” Past and Present 37 (1967): 163–75.
Sicking, Louis. “Amphibious Warfare in the Baltic: Holland, the Hansa and the Habsburgs (Fourteenth-Sixteenth Centuries).” In Amphibious Warfare 1000–1700: Commerce, State Formation and European Expansion, edited by Mark Charles Fissel and D.J.B. Trim, 69–101.Leiden: Brill, 2006.
Spufford, Peter. Power and Profit: The Merchant in Medieval Europe. London: Thames & Hudson, 2002.
Sylvester, David G. “Communal Piracy in Medieval England’s Cinque Ports.” In Noble Ideals and Bloody Realities: Warfare in the Middle Ages, edited by Niall Christie and Maya Yazigi, 164–76. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
Thompson, James Westfall. “Early Trade Relations between the Germans and the Slavs.”Journal of Political Economy 30:4 (Aug., 1922): 543–58.
Van Houtte, J.A. “The Rise and Decline of the Market of Bruges.” Economic History Review,n.s., 19:1 (1966): 29–47.
Villehardouin, Conquest of Constantinople. In Joinville and Villehardouin. Chronicles of the Crusades. Translated by Margaret R. B. Shaw. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963.
Wansbrough, John. “The Safe-Conduct in Muslim Chancery Practice.” Bulletin of theSchool of Oriental and African Studies 34: 1 (1971): 20–35.
William of Tyre. A History of Deeds Done beyond the Sea. 2 vols. Translated by Emily Atwater Babcock and A.C. Krey. 1941. Reprint New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1976.
Williams, John Bryan. “The Making of a Crusade: The Genoese Anti-Muslim Attacks inSpain, 1146–1148.” Journal of Medieval History 23:1 (1997): 29–53.
Chapter 13: Maritime Asia, 1100–1500
Abd-er-Razzak. Narrative of the Journey of Abd-er-Razzak, Ambassador from Shah Rokh,a.h. 845, a.d.1442. In India in the Fifteenth Century, edited by Richard Henry Major, 1–49. London: Hakluyt Society, 1857.
Abdu-llah, Wassaf. Tazjiyatu-l Amsar Wa Tajriyatu-l Asar [A Ramble through the Regions and the Passing of Ages]. In The History of India as Told by its Own Historians: The Muhammadan Period, edited by H.M. Elliot and John Dowson, 8 vols., vol. 3, pp. 24–54. 1867–77. Reprint Allahabad: Kitab Mahal, 1964.
Andaya, Leonard Y. “A History of Trade in the Sea of Melayu,” Itinerario 24:1 (2000): 87–110.
Atwood, Christopher P. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York : Facts On File, 2004.
Aung-Thwin, Michael. The Mists of Ramañña: The Legend that was Lower Burma. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2005.
———. Myth and History in the Historiography of Early Burma: Paradigms, Primary Sources, and Prejudices. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1998.
Benjamin of Tudela. The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela: Travels in the Middle Ages. Malibu: J. Simon, 1983. Introductions by Michael A. Signer, 1983, Marcus Nathan Adler, 1907, A. Asher, 1840.
Blussé, Leonard. Visible Cities: Canton, Nagasaki, and Batavia and the Coming of the Americans. The Edwin O. Reischauer Lectures. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008.
Chakravarti, Ranabir. “Early Medieval Bengal and the Trade in Horses: A Note.” Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient 42:2 (1999): 194–211.
———. “Nakhudas and Navittakas: Shipowning Merchants in the West Coast of India (c. ad 1000–1500).” Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient 43:1 (2000): 35–64.
———. “Overseas Trade in Horses in Early Medieval India: Shipping and Piracy.” In Praci-prabha: Perspective in Indology, edited by D.C. Bhattacharyya and Devendra Handa. Delhi: 1989.
Chau Ju-kua. Chau Ju-kua on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Translated by Frederick Hirth and W. W. Rockhill. 1911–1914. Reprint Amsterdam: Oriental Press, 1966.
Christie, Jan Wisseman. “Asian Sea Trade between the Tenth and Thirteen Centuries and its Impact on the States of Java and Bali.” In Archaeology of Seafaring: The Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray, 221–70. Delhi: Pragati Publications, 1999.
Clark, Hugh R. “Muslims and Hindus in the Culture and Morphology of Quanzhou from the Tenth to the Thirteenth Century.” Journal of World History 6:1 (1995): 49–74.
Conlan, Thomas D., trans. In Little Need of Divine Intervention: Takezaki Suenaga’s Scrolls of the Mongol Invasions of Japan. Ithaca: Cornell East Asia Series, 2001.
Deng, Gang. Chinese Maritime Activities and Socioeconomic Development c. 2100 B.C.-1900a.d. Westport: Greenwood, 1997.
Dreyer, Edward L. Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming, 1405–1433. New York: Pearson-Longman, 2007.
Duyvendak, J. J. L. “The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century.” T’oung Pao 34 (1938): 341–412.
Ehrenkreutz, A. S. “The Place of Saladin in the Naval History of the Mediterranean Sea in the Middle Ages.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 72:2 (1955): 100–16.
Fairbank, John King, Edwin O. Reischauer, and Albert M. Craig. East Asia: Tradition and Transformation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1973.
Forbes, A.D.W. “Southern Arabia and the Islamicisation of the Central Indian Archipelagoes.” Archipel 21 (1981): 55–92.
Gang Deng. Chinese Maritime Activities and Socioeconomic Development, c. 2100 B.C.-1900 A.D. London: Greenwood Press, 1997.
Goitein, S. D. “The Beginnings of the Karim Merchants and the Nature of their Organization.” In Studies in Islamic History and Institutions, 351–60. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1966.
———. “From Aden to India.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient21 (1980): 43–66.
———. “Letters and Documents of the India Trade in Medieval Times.” In Studies in Islamic History and Institutions, 329–50. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1966.
———. “Two Eyewitness Reports on an Expedition of the King of Kish (Qais) against Aden.”Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 16 (1954): 247–57.
———. A Mediterranean Society: The Jewish Communities of the World as Portrayed in the Documents of the Cairo Geniza. 6 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983–99.
Green, J. N. “The Song Dynasty Shipwreck at Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China.” IJNA 12 (1983): 253–61.
Green, J. N., and Zae Geun Kim. “The Shinan and Wando Sites, Korea: Further Information.” IJNA 18 (1989): 33–41.
Guy, John. “Tamil Merchant Guilds and the Quanzhou Trade.” In The Emporium of the World: Maritime Quanzhou, 1000–1400, edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 283–306. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
Hall, D. G. E. A History of South-East Asia. 3rd ed. New York: St, Martin’s, 1968.
Hall, Kenneth R. “Economic History of Early Southeast Asia.” In The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, vol. 1, pt. 1, From Early Times to c. 1500. Edited by Nicholas Tarling, 183–275. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
———. Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. Honululu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985.
Hamblin, William James. “The Fatimid Navy during the Early Crusades: 1099–1124.”American Neptune 46 (1986): 77–83.
Hirth, Frederick, and W. W. Rockhill Chau Ju-kua, trans. Chau Ju-kua on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. 1911–14. Reprint Amsterdam: Oriental Press, 1966.
Ibn Battuta. The Travels of Ibn Battuta, a.d. 1325–1354. 5 vols. London: Hakluyt, 1958–2000.
Ibn Jubayr. The Travels of Ibn Jubayr. Translated by R.J.C. Broadhurst. London: Jonathan Cape, 1952.
Keith, Donald H., and Christian J. Buys. “New Light on Medieval Chinese Seagoing Ship Construction.” IJNA 10 (1981): 119–32.
Khalileh, Hassan S. Islamic Maritime Law: An Introduction. Studies in Islamic Law and Society, Vol. 5. Leiden: Brill, 1998.
Kim, H. Edward, and Donald H. Keith. “A 14th-Century Cargo Makes Port at Last.” National Geographic (Aug. 1979): 230–43.
Kuwabara, Jitsuzo. “On P’u Shou-keng, a Man of the Western Regions, who was Superintendent of the Trading Ships Office in Ch’uan-chou towards the end of the Sung Dynasty.” Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (The Oriental Library) 2 (1928): 1–79, and 7 (1933): 1–104.
Lane, Frederic C. “The Economic Meaning of the Invention of the Compass.” 1963. Reprinted in Venice and History: The Collected Papers of Frederic C. Lane, 331–44. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966.
Li Guo-Qing. “Arabic Documents from the Red Sea Port of Quseir in the Seventh/Thirteenth Century. Part I: Business Letters.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 58:3 (1999): 161–90.
———. “Archaeological Evidence for the Use of ‘Chu-Nam’ on the 13th-Century Quanzhou Ship, Fujian Province, China.” IJNA 18 (1989): 277–83.
Lo Jung-Pang. “Chinese Shipping and East-West Trade from the Tenth to the Fourteenth Century.” In Sociétés et compagnies de commerce en Orient et dans l’océan Indien: actes du huitième Colloque international d’histoire maritime (Beyrouth, 5–10 septembre 1966), edited by Michel Mollat, 167–75. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1970.
———. “Controversy over Grain Conveyance during the Reign of Qubilai Qaqn, 1260–94.”Far Eastern Quarterly 13:3 (1954): 262–85.
———. “The Decline of the Early Ming Navy.” Oriens Extremus. 5 (1958): 149–68.
———. “The Termination of the Early Ming Naval Expeditions.” In Papers in Honour of Professor Woodbridge Bingham, a Festchrift for his Seventy-Fifth Birthday, edited byJames B. Parson. San Francisco: Chinese Materials Center, 1976.
Ma Huan. Ying-yai Sheng-lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores [1433]. Translated by J.V.G. Mills. 1970. Reprint Bangkok: White Lotus, 1997.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “Trading Ships of the South China Sea.” JESHO 36:3 (1993): 253–280.
Merwin, Douglas. “Selections from Wen-wu on the Excavation of a Sung Dynasty Seagoing Vessel in Ch’üan-chou.” Chinese Sociology and Anthropology 9 (Spring 1977).
Mukherjee, B. N. The Economic Factors in Kushana History. Calcutta: Pilgrim Publishers, 1970.
Needham, Joseph, with Wang Ling and Kenneth Robinson. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 4, Physics and Physical Technology. Pt. 1, Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962.
Needham, Joseph, with Wang Ling and Lu Gwei-djen. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 4, Physics and Physical Technology. Pt. 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.
Needham, Joseph, et al. Science and Civilisation in China. Vol. 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology. Pt. 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Odoric of Pordenone. The Travels of Friar Odoric. Translated by Henry Yule. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2002.
Peterson, Charles A. “Old Illusions and New Realities: Sung Foreign Policy, 1217–1234.” InChina Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors 10th-14th Centuries, edited by Morris Rossabi, 204–39. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Polo, Marco. The Travels. Translated by Ronald Latham. New York: Penguin Books, 1958.
Reid, Anthony. “The Rise and Fall of Sino-Javanese Shipping.” In Charting the Shape of Early Modern Southeast Asia, 56–84. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books, 1999.
———. Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450–1680: Expansion and Crisis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.
———. Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce 1450–1680: The Lands Below the Winds. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.
Rockhill, W. W. “Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean during the Fourteenth Century.” Toung Pao 14 (1913): 471–76; Part I, Toung Pao 15 (1914): 419–47; Part 2, Toung Pao 16 (1915): 64–159, 236–71, 374–92, 435–67, 604–26.
Rossabi, Morris. Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
Sakamaki, Shunzo. “The Heike: From Defeat at Dannoura to a Golden Age in Ryukyu?”Journal of Asian Studies 27:1 (1967): 155–22.
Schottenhammer, Angela. “The Maritime Trade of Quanzhou (Zaitun) from the Ninth through the Thirteenth Century.” In Archaeology of Seafaring: The Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period, edited by Himanshu Prabha Ray, 271–90. Delhi: Pragati Publications, 1999.
Schurmann, Herbert Franz. Economic Structure of the Yüan Dynasty: Translation of Chapter 93 and 94 of the Yüan Shih. Harvard-Yenching Institute Studies 16. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967.
Sedyawati, Edi. “The State Formation of Kadiri.” In State and Trade in the Indonesian Archipelago, edited by G.J. Schutte, 7–16. Leiden: KITLV, 1994.
Serjeant, R. B. “Yemeni Merchants and Trade in Yemen, 13th-16th Centuries.” In Society and Trade in South Arabia, edited by G. Rex Smith, I:61–82. Brookfield, Vt.: Ashfield, 1996.
Sewell, Robert. A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of India. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, 1982.
Sleeswyck, André Wegener. “The Liao and the Displacement of Ships in the Ming Navy.”Mariner’s Mirror 82:1 (Feb. 1996): 3–13.
Souyri, Pierre Francois, translated by Kathe Roth. The World Turned Upside Down: Medieval Japanese Society. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.
Stern, S. M. “Ramisht of Siraf: A Merchant Millionaire of the Twelfth Century.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 2nd ser. (1967): 10–14.
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “Of Imarat and Tijarat: Asian Merchants and State Power in the Western Indian Ocean, 1400 to 1750.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 37:4. (1995): 750–80.
Taylor, Keith W. “The Early Kingdoms.” In The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, vol. 1, pt. 1, From Early Times to c. 1500. Edited by Nicholas Tarling, 137–82. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Tibbetts, G. R. Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean Before the Coming of the Portuguese. Being a translation of Kitab al-Fawa’id fi usul al-bahr wa’l-qawa’id of Ahmad b. Majid al-Najdi. London: Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1971.
———. A Study of the Arabic Texts Containing Material on South-East Asia. Leiden: Brill, 1979.
Verschuer, Charlotte von. Across the Perilous Sea: Japanese trade with China and Korea from the Seventh to the Sixteenth Centuries. Translated by Kristen Lee Hunter. Ithaca: Cornell East Asia Series, 2006.
Wake, C. H. H. “Changing Pattern of Europe’s Pepper and Spice Imports, ca. 1400–1700.” Journal of European Economic History 8:2 (1979): 361–404.
Wang Gungwu. “Merchants without Empires: The Hokkien Sojourning Communities.” 1990. Reprinted in China and the Chinese Overseas, 87–111. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, 2003.
———. “‘Public’ and ‘Private’ Overseas Trade in Chinese History.” 1970. Reprinted in China and the Chinese Overseas, 129–43. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, 2003.
Wicks, Robert S. Money, Markets, and Trade in Early Southeast Asia: The Development of indigenous Monetary Systems to ad 1400. Ithaca: Southeast Asia Program, 1992.
Wilson, Arnold T. The Persian Gulf: An Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954.
Wink, André. Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Vol. 2. The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest, 11th-13th Centuries. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1996.
Winstedt, Richard, and P. E. De Josselin de Jong. “The Maritime Laws of Malacca.” Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 29:3 (1956): 22–59.
Wolters, O. W. Early Indonesian Commerce. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1967.
Yule, Henry, trans. and ed. Cathay and the Way Thither. New edition, revised by Henri Cordier. Vol. 3, Letters and Reports of Missionary Friars from Cathay and India, 1292–1338, etc. London: Hakluyt Society, 1914.
Chapter 14: The World Encompassed, 15th-16th Centuries
Abulafia, David. “Commerce and the Kingdom of Majorca, 1150–1450.” In Iberia and the Mediterranean World of the Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of Robert I. Burns S.J., vol. 2:Proceedings from “Spain and the Western Mediterranean”, edited by Paul E. Chevedden, Donald J. Kagay and Paul G. Padilla. Leiden: Brill, 345–77.
———. “Neolithic Meets Medieval: First Encounters in the Canary Islands.” InMedieval Frontiers: Concepts and Practices, edited by David Abulafia, pp. 173–94. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002.
Camoens, Luis Vaz de. The Lusiads. Translated by William C. Atkinson. 1952. Reprint Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973.
Casas, Bartolomé de Las. Las Casas on Columbus: Background and the Second and Fourth Voyages. Translated by Nigel Griffin. Repertorium Columbianum 7. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999.
Chaucer, Geoffrey. Canterbury Tales. Translated by Nevill Coghill. New York: Penguin, 1975.
Colon, Fernando. The Life of the Admiral Christopher Columbus by his Son Ferdinand.Translated by Benjamin Keen. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1959.
Crone, G. R., ed. and trans. The Voyages of Cadamosto and Other Documents on Western Africa in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century. London: Hakluyt Society, 1937.
Davenport, Frances Gardiner, ed. European Treaties bearing on the History of the United States and its Dependencies to 1648. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1917.
Diffie, Bailey W., and George D. Winius. Foundations of the Portuguese Empire 1415–1580. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Elbl, Martin. “The Caravel.” In Cogs, Caravels and Galleons, edited by Richard W. Unger, 91–98. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
Ellmers, Detlev. “The Cog as Cargo Carrier.” In Cogs, Caravels and Galleons, edited by Richard W. Unger, 29–46. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
Epstein, Steven A. Genoa and the Genoese, 958–1528. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
Fernández-Armesto, Felipe. Amerigo: The Man Who Gave His Name to America. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 2006.
———. Before Columbus: Exploration and Colonization from theMediterranean to the Atlantic 1229–1492. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987.
———. Columbus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
———. “Medieval Atlantic Exploration: The Evidence of the Maps.” InPortugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval Towards the Modern World 1300–ca. 1600, edited by George D. Winius, 40–70. Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.
———. “Spanish Atlantic Voyages and Conquests before Columbus.” In Maritime History.Vol. I, The Age of Discovery, edited by John B. Hattendorf, 137–47.Malabar, Fla.: Krieger Publishing, 1996.
Friel, Ian. “The Carrack.” In Cogs, Caravels and Galleons, edited by Richard W. Unger, 77–90. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
Greenlee, William Brooks, ed. and trans. The Voyage of Pedro Alvares Cabral to Brazil and India, from Contemporary Documents and Narratives. London: Hakluyt Society, 1938.
Jados, Stanley S. Consulate of the Sea, and Related Documents. University, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1975.
Jane, Cecil, ed. Select Documents Illustrating the Four Voyages of Columbus. 2 vols. London: Hakluyt Society, 1930–33.
Jonkers, A. R. T. “Sailing Directions.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, edited by John Hattendorf, 3:457–63. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Linden, H. Vander. “Alexander VI and the Demarcation of the Maritime and Colonial Domains of Spain and Portugal, 1493–1494.” American Historical Review 22:1 (1916): 1–20.
Mancke, Elizabeth. “Oceanic Space and the Creation of a Global International System, 1450–1800.” In Maritime History as World History, edited by Daniel Finamore. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.
Mitchell, Mairin. Friar Andrés de Urdaneta, O.S.A. London: Macdonald and Evans, 1964.
Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A.D. 500–1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Nader, Helen. Rights of Discovery: Christopher Columbus’s Final Appeal to King Fernando. Facsimile, Transcription, Translation and Critical Edition of the John Carter Brown Library’s Spanish Codex I. Cali/Providence: Carvajal S.A./John Carter Brown Library, 1992.
Northrup, David. Africa’s Discovery of Europe: 1450–1850. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Paselk, Richard A. “Navigational Instruments: Measurement of Altitude.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, edited by John Hattendorf, 3:29–42. New York; Oxford University Press, 2007.
Perruso, Richard. “The Development of the Doctrine of Res Communes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe.” Tijdschrift voor Rechstgeschiedenis 70 (2002): 69–93.
Phillips, Carla Rahn. “Iberian Ships and Shipbuilding in the Age of Discovery.” In Maritime History. Vol. 1, The Age of Discovery, edited by John B. Hattendorf, 215–38. Malabar, Fla.: Krieger Publishing, 1996.
Phillips, William D., Jr., and Carla Rahn Phillips. The Worlds of Christopher Columbus.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Pigafetta, Antonio. The First Voyage Around the World (1519–1522): An Account of Magellan’s Expedition. Translated by Theodore J. Cachey, Jr. New York: Marsilio Publishers, 1995.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History. 10 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938–63.
Purchas, Samuel. Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas His Pilgrimes, Contayning a History of the World in Sea Voyages and Lande Travells by Englishmen and Others. 20 vols. 1625. Reprint Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons, 1905–1907.
Radulet, Carmen. “Vasco da Gama and His Successors.” In Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval Towards the Modern World 1300–ca. 1600, edited by George D. Winius, 133–43. Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.
Russell, P. E. Prince Henry “the Navigator.” New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001.
Soucek, Svat. “Piri Reis and Ottoman Discovery of the Great Discoveries.” Studia Islamica79 (1994): 121–42.
Spufford, Peter. Power and Profit: The Merchant in Medieval Europe. London: Thames & Hudson, 2003.
Stanley, Henry Edward John Stanley, ed. The First Voyage Round the World by Magellan.
Taylor, E. G. R. The Haven-Finding Art: A History of Navigation from Odysseus to Captain Cook. New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1957.
Tibbetts, G. R. Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the Coming of the Portuguese, Being a Translation of Kitab al-Fawa’id fi Usul al-Bahr wa’l-Qawa’id. London: The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1981.
Twiss, Sir Travers, ed. Black Book of the Admiralty. Monumenta Juridical: the Black Book of the Admiralty: with an appendix. London: Longman, 1871–1965.
Verlinden, Charles. “The Big Leap under Dom João II: From the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean.” In Maritime History Vol. 1, The Age of Discovery, edited by John B. Hattendorf.Malabar, Fla.: Krieger Publ., 1996.
———. “European Participation in the Portuguese Era of Discovery.” InPortugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval Towards the Modern World 1300–ca. 1600, edited by George D. Winius, 71–88. Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.
Winius, George D. “The Enterprise Focused on India: The Work of D. João II.” In Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval Towards the Modern World 1300–ca. 1600, edited by George D. Winius, 89–120. Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.
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Chapter 16: The Maritime Power in the Seventeenth Century
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Chapter 17: Northern Europe Ascendant
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Chapter 18: “Annihilation of Space and Time”
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Chapter 19: Naval Power in Steam and Steel
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